THE COLD WAR AND COLONIAL LIBERATION
The Philippines
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Superpower Influence |
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Nonalignment |
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Analysis:
For reasons such as discontent of the superpowers' constant conflict and tension in competing against each other for new allies, leaders of new African and Asian countries held the Bandung Conference in Indonesia, in the hopes of creating a safe place and position for new nations such as theirs therefore creating the Non-Aligned Movement. The movement's main priority was to maintain their formal neutrality but ultimately failed due to inescapable biases towards either side, resulting to disunity and a weak front.
For reasons such as discontent of the superpowers' constant conflict and tension in competing against each other for new allies, leaders of new African and Asian countries held the Bandung Conference in Indonesia, in the hopes of creating a safe place and position for new nations such as theirs therefore creating the Non-Aligned Movement. The movement's main priority was to maintain their formal neutrality but ultimately failed due to inescapable biases towards either side, resulting to disunity and a weak front.
Hearts and Minds
- as new nations struggled to avoid cold war politics, the superpowers maintained pressure on those nations to join them
- global competition between two intensified in 1960s when JFK sough to win "the hearts and minds of the underdeveloped and uncommitted peoples of the world"
- Superpowers used both military and economic strategies to influence emerging countries
- U.S. extended influence by means of foreign aid programs such as Peace Corps and the Alliance for Progress
- penniless nations found such economic and technical assistance from U.S. attractive
- Soviet Union also used similar strategies but focused on support for wars of national liberation and for socialist or communist governments
- in turn evoked a response from U.S. government called counterinsurgency- political and military tactics designed of counter guerrilla warfare
- attractive to regimes that feared attacks within their borders
- cold war prolonged western European and U.S. influence and power in developing countries
- superpower intrusions in the developing world also hindered the establishment of democratic political systems
- local leaders and strongmen became too dependent on providing superpower
Analysis:
As new nations emerge after World War II, superpowers such as the U.S. and Soviet Union scrambled competitively against each other in getting these nations be either an Anti-Communist or Communist country. This left them the motivation to create and devise strategies to both attract their potential allies and put their foe into disadvantage through techniques such as Peace Corps and Counterinsurgency.
As new nations emerge after World War II, superpowers such as the U.S. and Soviet Union scrambled competitively against each other in getting these nations be either an Anti-Communist or Communist country. This left them the motivation to create and devise strategies to both attract their potential allies and put their foe into disadvantage through techniques such as Peace Corps and Counterinsurgency.
Citations
50 Years of Non-Aligned Movement. Non-Aligned Movement, 2011. Ismail Fahmi, 11 July 2011. Web. 13 Apr. 2016.
Ellorin, Bernadette. BAYAN USA Statement on the 112th Anniversary of the Philippine-American War. Digital image. BayanUSA. N.p., 5 Feb. 2011. Web. 13 Apr. 2016.
Esfandiari, Golnaz. NAM Founders. Digital image. Radio Free Europe Radio Liberty. N.p., 23 Aug. 2012. Web. 13 Apr. 2016.
New Cold War Map 1980. Digital image. Wikimedia Commons. N.p., 28 Dec. 2007. Web. 13 Apr. 2016.
50 Years of Non-Aligned Movement. Non-Aligned Movement, 2011. Ismail Fahmi, 11 July 2011. Web. 13 Apr. 2016.
Ellorin, Bernadette. BAYAN USA Statement on the 112th Anniversary of the Philippine-American War. Digital image. BayanUSA. N.p., 5 Feb. 2011. Web. 13 Apr. 2016.
Esfandiari, Golnaz. NAM Founders. Digital image. Radio Free Europe Radio Liberty. N.p., 23 Aug. 2012. Web. 13 Apr. 2016.
New Cold War Map 1980. Digital image. Wikimedia Commons. N.p., 28 Dec. 2007. Web. 13 Apr. 2016.